Micro-credentials. Macro-Rewards. Competency-based recognition for professional learning

Education leaders, practitioners and technologists are being challenged to respond to demands for new forms of credentialing, such as various forms of micro-credentials, digital badges, nano-degrees, and to define how these fit with existing credentialing frameworks and an emerging digital credentialing ecosystem (Chakroun & Keevy, 2018). At the European level, the drive to digitise credentials has been prioritised by the Bologna Digital Agenda and the EU’s Digital Education Action Plan.